nuclear stellar disc using the Milky Way's nuclear stellar disc as an indicator of the bar formation epoch milky way bar revealing the properties of the galaxy's bar actions useful coordinates for modelling dynamical systems milky way chemo-dynamical disc modelling modelling the history and evolution of the galactic disc dwarf galaxies revealing the properties of dark matter using low-mass systems stellar streams using stellar streams to learn about the Milky Way's potential and dark matter subhalos